What Are Ovarian Cysts?

A cyst is simply a fluid-filled sack that can form in a number of places throughout the body. Women have two ovaries located on each side of the uterus in which eggs can develop and mature. During the course of their lives, most women will develop a cyst of some sort on at least one of their ovaries that may either disappear without treatment or cause serious symptoms. These cysts usually form during ovulation periods, but can happen outside of that window as well. Ovarian cyst removal may become necessary if the cyst is causing pain or increases in size.

Dr. Ali Ghomi is a nationally recognized surgeon specializing in pelvic reconstructive surgery and provides care to patients in Bergen County, Paramus, and Hackensack. If you’re experiencing symptoms of ovarian cysts, contact Dr. Ali Ghomi today to schedule an appointment at his gynecology office in North Jersey, please call at (862) 657-3150 or request an appointment through our secure online form.

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Common Causes of Ovarian Cysts

Ovarian cysts can form for a variety of reasons. Many are functional cysts that develop as part of your menstrual cycle, while others may form independently of it and require different approaches. The most common types include:

Follicular Cyst

A follicular cyst is a functional cyst that occurs mid-cycle. During ovulation, an egg grows inside a fluid-filled sac called a follicle. Typically, the follicle opens to release the egg. However, if it does not open, it can swell and become a cyst.

Corpus Luteum Cyst

After ovulation, the follicle transforms into the corpus luteum, which plays a role in supporting early pregnancy. If fluid accumulates inside it, the follicle may form a cyst.

Endometriomas, Dermoids, and Cystadenomas

These are non-functional cysts, meaning they do not form as part of the menstrual cycle.
Endometriomas are caused by endometriosis.
Dermoids develop from embryonic cells present at birth.
Cystadenomas form from watery fluid on the ovary’s surface.

It’s important to have any cyst evaluated by Dr. Ghomi to determine its type and whether it is benign or malignant.

What Are the Symptoms of an Ovarian Cyst?

Most ovarian cysts are asymptomatic and resolve on their own. However, larger cysts may cause symptoms such as:

  • Pelvic pain
  • Bloating
  • Dull back pain
  • Unexplained weight gain
  • Pain during your period

If you’re experiencing unusual symptoms—especially related to your menstrual cycle—contact Dr. Ghomi for an evaluation.

How Are Ovarian Cysts Treated?

If you’ve been diagnosed with ovarian cysts, your doctor may recommend a “watch and wait” approach. Many cysts disappear on their own within a month or two. During this time, pelvic ultrasounds may be scheduled to monitor changes in size or appearance.

Hormonal contraceptives may be prescribed to help prevent future cysts, although they won’t treat existing ones.

If a cyst is large or persistent, surgical removal may be recommended. In cases where the cyst is cancerous, you may be referred to a gynecologic oncology specialist.
For more detailed information, visit the ACOG FAQ on ovarian cysts.